Quality education serves as the foundation for sustainable development, with the capacity of human resources being a critical determinant of a nation’s capabilities. Educational personnel are the cornerstone of the education system and the most vital component for students’ learning outcomes. Moreover, they are proficient executors of educational policies and curriculum within the school context. Recognizing the significance of educational personnel in enhancing student learning outcomes, this research aims to examine the priority needs of human resource management in the education sector at the general secondary education level. The research employed a Stratified Sampling technique, classifying schools into three categories based on classroom sizes: big, medium, and small. Thirty schools were chosen by a random sampling technique, with 10 schools from each group. A random sample of 350 individuals was selected for quantitative data gathering, as specified by Taro Yamane’s table. The Likert Scale was implemented in the design of a dual questionnaire for data collection. Data collection was facilitated by five research assistants, who distributed and collected questionnaires directly from educational personnel. They also monitored the return of completed questionnaires. The data were interpreted by using descriptive statistics, including rankings, mean scores, and the Priority Need Index (PNI_modified) for human resource management to enhance student learning outcomes in general secondary education. The research findings suggest that the priority need index (PNI_modified) for human resource capacity development is 0.512. The priority need index (PNI_modified) for human resource performance is 0.466. The priority need index (PNI_modified) for human resource retention is 0.47